HOTS Questions Validity Test Class VII at MTs Nurul Falah Palem-bang

________________________________________________________________ HOTS is a learning evaluation activity that trains students' higher order thinking skills. Based on the results of observations, it showed that students had not been able to work on questions at the HOTS level. This is caused by several things (1) there is no guideline for preparing HOTS questions for teachers (2) the awareness of teachers to make HOTS questions is still very low. Based on this urgency, the purpose of this research is to produce valid hot questions at MTs Nurul Falah Palembang. This research uses the Tessmer model. The formative research type Tessmer development model is adopted as the research model. The self-assessment stage, the formative evaluation stage (prototyping), which includes expert and one-to-one evaluation (low resistance to revision) and small group feedback, and the field test stage are the four stages of this study (high resistance). The results of the research and discussion have been carried out that the validity test after being tested through 3 aspects, namely aspects of language assessment, material and construction that the hots question development product at MTS Nurul Falah Palembang was declared valid.


INTRODUCTION
Education is an effort made to help a person develop all the potential that exists within himself to become a better human being.The center of education is to make humans more mature (both intellect and mind), have freedom of speech and action and have a sense of responsibility in living their lives (Anderson, 2001).
In living life , especially in the 21st century, a person is required to make adjustments in various aspects of life, including in the learning process.Such as being able to think creatively, critically, communicatively, and being able to solve problems (Bagarukayo, 2012).The problem faced by humans is not just learning to know, but being able to do, learning to be ( learning to be), and learning to live collaboratively ( learning live together) .
The educational goals contained in the Basic Law on the National Education System No. 20 of 2003 Chapter II article 3, The purpose of education contained in the National Education System Law Number 20 of 2003 Chapter II Article 3 is to help students develop their potential as human beings who believe and fear God Almighty, have noble character, are healthy, are citizens a country that is knowledgeable, capable, creative, and democratic and responsible.
National Education is used to improve students' abilities so as to form the characteristics expected by national education goals.The process of education requires learning that is adapted to environmental conditions, the needs and characteristics of students so as to produce students who are critical and collaborative.
Collaboration carried out with colleagues in learning can encourage students to think creatively in solving various problems, and be able to manage critical thinking skills well (Jalaludin, 2017).Critical Thinking is included in HOTS.Where HOTS ( Higher Order Thinking Skill) is an ability to combine ideas, facts, analyze data, explain and be able to conclude and even evaluate as well as being able to create something.
In creating something, a student needs a teacher who is qualified and has been tested.One country that has very good teacher quality is Finland.Finland, formerly a traditional agricultural country, became a developed country supported by science and technology.The excellent quality of teachers is due to the fact that the education system in that country has been prepared as well as possible before they teach.
Teachers are not only required to teach well to students.But more than that the teacher has the responsibility to improve the personal qualities and potential of students, this requires noble personality qualities from the teacher himself (Gunawan, 2003).Hence, teachers are often called spiritual fathers or spiritual fathers for students , because the teacher provides moral education, and shows the good path of truth for students.
Students are required to be able to understand what HOTS ( Higher Order Thinking skills) are so that they can compete in global competitions that require the ability to think critically, creatively and be able to solve problems.The main objective of HOTS ( Higher Order Thinking Skills ) is that students can think at a higher level and make good and correct decisions.(Goodson, 2013).The ability to think HOTS ( Higher Order Thinking skills) provides a new challenge and requires that people who learn can apply the information obtained and manipulate answers to get new situations (Kemendikbud, 2017).
Therefore, teachers need to make adjustments with the times , especially related to learning.Learning in the 21st century is better known as the term 4c (Communication, Collaboration, Critical Thinking and Problem Solving, and Creativity and Innovation).In addition to the above abilities that students need to have.An educator also needs to direct problem solving based on cooperation, responsibility, perseverance, trust and attitude (Muaddab, 2011).Moreover, coupled with the rapid development of technology and communication has triggered globalization, which has an indirect impact on the world of education such as triggering international comparisons between schools, curriculum, student achievement and assessment methods.
To create 4c abilities, an educator needs to carry out a capability-based assessment above.An assessment is needed by an educator to determine the extent to which students' abilities are cognitive, affective and psychomotor .This assessment can be in the form of questions that must be answered or questions that are orders (Mullis, 2012).
Assessment is one indicator in seeing the success of the process and learning outcomes.From this assessment educators get an idea to evaluate their teaching.The impact is that assessment must be used to educate in accordance with pedagogical principles.An educator needs to understand that student learning progress is an indicator of successful learning (MudyahardjI, 2001).This means that if the educator is not successful in his learning, it also means the failure of the educator himself.
From the results of the 2018 PISA survey assessment, students experienced a decrease compared to 2015 where in 2018 Indonesia was ranked 74th with an average score of 371.Indonesia's PISA ability in 2015 where reading ability scored 397, math ability 386 and science performance ability 403.Meanwhile in 2018 reading ability 371, math ability 379, and science performance ability 396.
This makes the ability of students to solve a problem still relatively low, especially problems related to higher order thinking skills.One of the low abilities of low students lies in the evaluation or assessment carried out by students who still make the usual types of questions, besides that the next problem is the ability of educators to develop instruments of HOTS ( Higher Order Thinking Skill) questions .The making of this HOTS (Higher Order Thinking Skill ) instrument will train students in solving problems, increasing the learning achievement of students who demand high-order thinking skills (Budiman, 2014).
Question development was carried out by Rufiana (2016) regarding higher order thinking skills , she argued that most math books contain an understanding of 68.01 % , the proportion of presentation questions is around 23.67% which is quite large when compared to reasoning and proof questions around 1.45 %.This small percentage makes students work more on questions in the form of understanding compared to questions of reasoning and proof.
Rahmah (2019), conducted research on class VII junior high school math books.From the results of the research conducted, it was obtained some important information in the cognitive domain, namely C2 (31.07 % ), C3 (56.09%),C4 (12.19%),C5 (0.0%), and C6 (0, 0%).So it is highly recommended to improve mathematics books that refer to students' high-level thinking so that they can achieve core competencies and basic competencies.
Researchers made observations on July 20 2022 at MTs Nurul Falah Palembang by distributing a questionnaire to see the ability of students to understand higher order thinking skills questions .The observation results show that students do not fully understand the higher order thinking skills questions .In addition, researchers also made observations through questionnaires to educators at MTs Nurul Falah Palembang school.From the results of these observations, educators still do not fully understand the development of higher order thinking skills questions .This is what encourages researchers to conduct research on development.The research in question is the development of instruments about higher order thinking skills on Life Organization material.The resulting product will certainly be very useful for students and educators in learning at school.The reason the presenter took the second semester of science material was because the material was difficult to understand and there was quite a lot of material.

METHODS
This thesis relies on research and development for its findings.The formative research tessmer type development model was adopted as the research model.The self-assessment stage , the formative evaluation stage (prototyping ), which includes expert evaluation and one-to-one (low resistance to revision) and small group feedback, and the field test stage are the four stages of this research (high resistance).
In this study, it requires steps that reach the stage of obtaining the final prototype of the test instrument in accordance with the research objectives.In more detail the research procedure can be seen in the image below : The test instrument can be declared valid if the instrument can measure what it is intended to measure (Arikunto S. , 2012).Valid means true, meaning that the validity of the test instrument does not need to be doubted.The validity used by researchers is language content validation and construction validity.After the test instrument is completed, an assessment will be carried out by the validator as a whole.Data from the assessment by the validator is called data from the instrument validation on higher order thinking skills questions , which will then be included in the validation The data obtained from the two experts were then converted into a scale of five according to Khan, (2011 ), so the results can be seen in the table below: HOTS Test Instrument Rating Score Categorization table for the higher order thinking skills test instrument .Media expert validation tests, construction and materials have been carried out and the product results have been tested valid.This validation test was carried out by two lecturers, namely Dr. Kurratul Aini, M.Pd and Muh.Isnaini.They are both lecturers from UIN Raden Fatah Palembang.The values given by the validator are as follows: