Analysis of the 1947 Curriculum and the 1964 Curriculum

Abstract

This research aims to analyze and compare the 1947 Curriculum and the 1964 Curriculum in the context of the history of education in Indonesia. The 1947 curriculum was the first curriculum prepared after Indonesian independence, with a focus on forming the character of an independent nation through education that emphasized morals and national values. Meanwhile, the 1964 Curriculum was developed with the Pancawardhana philosophy, which emphasizes the development of five aspects of students, namely morals, intelligence, skills, emotions and physicality, to support national development.

This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with document and literature analysis. The results of the analysis show that the 1947 Curriculum is more oriented towards character building and nationalism, while the 1964 Curriculum is more pragmatic by emphasizing practical skills and knowledge to support the country's economic and development needs. Despite facing various challenges in implementation, these two curricula provide an important foundation for the Indonesian education system.

This research concludes that the differences in philosophy and approach between the two curricula reflect changing social and political priorities in Indonesia at that time, and offer valuable lessons in the formulation of educational policies in the future.